History of Persian miniatures
The origin of the Persian miniature is difficult to trace. The art form reached its peak mainly during the Mongol and Timurid periods (13th-16th century), and was heavily influenced byChinese paintings as the Mongol rulers of Persia brought with them numerous Chinese artists to the court.[1]
In Ilkhanid and Timurid Mongol-Persian mythological miniatures, the mythical animals buraq and dragon was portrayed in a style reminiscent of the Chinese qilin andChinese dragon, reflecting the Chinese background of painters who introduced watercolor techniques to Iran and initiated several medieval schools of Persian miniature painting. In fact, many religious paintings, including a famous one portraying the Prophet Muhammad's Miraj from the Dome of the Rock inJerusalem into the heavens, displays stylistic elements of undoubtedly Chinese origins. Islamic angels are depicted as wearing the tight robes of northern Chinese style. Persian miniature paintings of the Ilkhanid and Timurid periods, especially ones related to the Shahnameh stories, usually borrow landscape painting techniques from contemporary Chinese schools, developed during the Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty.
Prominent Persian miniaturists
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- Kamāl ud-Dīn Behzād Herawī: Leading miniaturist of the Timurid era, and founder of theSafavid school.
- Reza Abbasi: One of the most renowned Persian painters in the Safavid era.
- Hossein Behzad: Famous contemporary miniaturist
- Mahmoud Farshchian: Famous contemporary miniaturist
- Alireza-Pishahang: Famous Persian miniaturist.
- Diego-Orlando: Famous Persian miniaturist.
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